I-chlorpyrifos yesithuthi siphakeme: Ukusuka lokusebenza kulandelana nokuhlela amagcebe wenyoni. Yizicatshulwa ngokushesha ngokuba yintoni, yini na imibala eyahlukileyo, njengamanzi, amazansi nokugcina esiqendwe sisondela ngaso sishesha. Kodwa, i-chlorpyrifos ichemical icabanga lokuncedisiwe kakhulu. Kodwa — njengezinto ezikhona ngaphandle kwezindawo zokusebenza, okungcono lapho lokuhlola luyindlela loluhlanganiswa — abantu abaningi babephikisana ngezinto (kanye nabanye abaphuma abelungile ukuba lingcinge umuntu nokulandelana).
U-Chlorpyrifos ubheke ukuthi kunesithetho esidingayo. Abasemukelisi baphuma amandla abesodwa nge-Chlorpyrifos ngokusho ukuthi kuhle kuzama ukubusa izimbali ezinathintela ukusuka kwezinkomo nokuhlola amalayithi. Baphumisa ukuthi lokhu kudinga ukuba babuyele kuqala ukuhlanganiswa ngokulula ukugrow amafood othile kwiindlela ezikhona. Kodwa, abanye batholi amagama emangathelo kakhulu ngokuthi imiphumela yokuqasha ngenxa yalokho kunene. Batholela sisho ukuthi singafanelela ukuba sibekisele nokuthi isithunzi sabekhona futhi sesihlanganiswe. Sizodinga ukwazi zonke izigaba ze- Chlorpyrifos, sizoba sicinge ukuba usizo lwenqanawe yokuthi ukubhaleka ngothini ngenqanawe yokuthi lokhu kunene lokhu kungcono ukuba babuyekeze umuntu nomhlaba.
I-Chlorpyrifos ingakwazanga abantu umhla wavelwe. Izinyathelo ezincane zethu zikahle ngokuthi le ngenxa yethu kanye nezinye izinombolo ezifanayo ezizikhono lokugcina, amaguduze nomiphumela. Izinyathelo zakhe zingakwazi ukubuyiselwa ngendlela elihlobene ngekhona. Uma dlamu lavelwe ngamakhulu kwe-Chlorpyrifos, ungabonisa izinyathelo ezikhulu njengomphumela wemusi nokuphumelela okanye emva kokusebenza kwesinye isithunzi singabulawa.
Umbiko omuhle olufanelekile ukuvuma ukuthi labantwana babekho imigomo engaphezulu ukusetyenziswa kwe-Chlorpyrifos. Bayehlukene ngokushesha ukuthi bayenza izinto ezingaphansi kwezichemikali ezifana nenkomeni, ngoba amadodana amabili amahhala kubalulekile kanye nokuba lezi zinto zikahle ukusetshenziswa indlela yakhe yokuthi yezigrow. Uma bantwana bazivele ngaphandle kwe-neonicotinoid, bazibonisa izinyathelo zokuhlola (kanye nokuzihlanganisa ukudibanisa kwabo intelecthual), futhi ngokwesikhatsi sokungasekelwa, bazibonisa ukuthi bazidinga ukuthi bazingeni lapho bakhiwe kwe-Autism. Lokhu kungaba yini sikhumbule ukuba siyiphephe esebenzayo ngoku kunye nokusho kusasa.
Kanye amakhlorpyrifos angaphi indlela esezikhonzwa kwisebe futhi. Umkhuhlu wakhiwa umphofu nokukhathala kumangaliso. Oku bakhiwa ngamabhebhu, izishe, noma izinyawo ezincedisi zokupheliswa kwezilimi nezinto eziphumela isibhedlela sentsiko. Ngemuva kokuba amafarmeri babuyelela, amakhlorpyrifos abuyekelwa phakathi kweziviki, izindlu zenhliziyo kunye nezithole. Lokho kungapheliwe ukubulawa kwezilwandle kunye nokuthengisa usobizo olunqanawe lomphahla.
Ngokushesha, kuna manje amaningi amahle amadlayo apha amafarmeri azisebenzise ukwenza lokuhlola amaphashi ongaphambili kokuthi usebenze amakhlorpyrifos. Indlela elungileyo yinto yokusebenzela ukuthi uqhumele i-integrated pest management (IPM). Ukusetyenziswa kwe-IPM yinto engcono yokugcina amaphashi amanqaku. Lokho kungaba ukusetshenziswa kwezinyawo ezincedisi (amadlozi okudla kwezinkunkuma), ukuphucula kwezincwadi ukuvikela ukuthi uphambene ngezinhlobo zonkunkuma, kunye nokusetshentiselo sokusetyenziswa kwemiphahla.
Ngaphandle kwezimo ezimbili ze-IPM, amafarmer ayikho okuthi akhetha izinto eziqondisiwe ngokugcina ukuvimba kokubheka kwezinyoni. Izimo eziqondisiwe ngokugcina zisetyenziswa iingxenye ezinatural nangona kanye nezi synthetic ezidingekileyo njengoko bazo bonke ubungakanani bezinto ezinamandla ekwesonto, okunye nokuba abahluke abaningi. Ngakho ke, lezi zinto ezikhona ngaphandle kwezichemical zihamba ngokubhekisisi kunye nokuhlola kakhulu phakathi komuntu nokulandelana nokulandelana. Amafuya akhetha ukuphinda ukuvimba amacala angaphambili ukukholelwa kwabantu noma izilwimi labo ngokukhetha amanani asemphephandaba.
Ngokwesigaba sokuhlola amanani apho amakhono ase-Ronch ayikhuselwa kuzo lwandle zonke ezi-Chlorpyrifos insecticide neziqhamo zonke ezinikezeli zihlukene nezingane ezine. Baphetha amanani angcono okanye amanani angcono kanye nokuhlawula kwezinto zonke. U-World Health Organization wahlalelwa amanye amanani. Baphetha kuzo lwandle zonke ezintshangeni, phakathi kokuthi kukhlukaniselela umthonyama, kunye nokuthi amanyoni amanye amaqhawekazi, njengamanyoni amadaka nokudaka.
Ronch yi-chlorpyrifos yamaphashi amandla ukwenzela umkhuhlane omphambili kwiseva lesikhuhlane sesiphakathi. Ngokubheka imali yesiphephelo, kunye nokuhlola phakathi komhlaba iindawo ezifanekiso zokudabeni nokuxoxwa lokugcina izinhlelo ezithunyelwe ngokwesifundazwe, ukuze kuyibonise izinhlelo ezizithile, uzame ukufinyelela kwiimboniso yokulayezeka, ubuyekezwe ukuthi akukho amandla okuzama ukusetyenziswa ngeendlela ezidingekayo, kunye nokuphatha ukungena izindlela ezinomsindo ezinethemba, ezisenzelayo, nezinga loluhlu lwamaphashi oluningi, amandla lokusevelesa nokulayezeka kumalengeni nokulayezeka.
Siqhubela umsebenzi ophambili kwi-chlorpyrifos esintsi ngazo zonke iindlela zakuhlanganisa umthwalo okulandelayo kunye nokuhlola kwezindiki. Lokhu liphumelelwa ngokugcina ukufunda okuphambili kwezinhlobo zakhe nezinyathelo ezithuthukisayo kunye nokuhlola kwezindiki.Zihluke amatonni angu-10,000 ngomshana ngalokho olungaphambi kokuthi udlame iminyaka engu-26 yokuvela kwezinto bezimpilo. Abanye abangumahluko angu-60 bayasebenzela ukubuyela nabo bakvanto ukuthola izinto esikhona kunye nesicelo esiphephile kwiseva.
Kwisifo yokuhlola ngokwesiphumo ngekhonyeniswano, i-Ronch inamandla kakhulu kuhlelwa ngendlela yemibuzo yesifundazwe "ukushintsha kulandelule kwindawo yokusebenza" futhi iyavumelela umshikha wochlorpyrifos wesithili esekhethwe kusenzo zokugcina kwiindawo zokusebenzela. Ngaphandle kweno, iyahlalekile njalo kunye nokuhlakanipha neziqhuthu eziningi zemibuzo nemibhunu ephakeme, ifaka ingxelo enkosi le-Ronch kwiseviyo somphilo womhlaba wokuhlola. Ukuphakamisana kwebhizinisi izizathu zizobunyelwe ngokubhekisisa kunye nokufundiswa. Futhi uzobunyelwa imibhizinisi emibhedheni akhona ukuba amandla kunye nokusebenza kwegumbi.
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